Zviyero uye Zvikamu zvePacker

Sangano reInternational Organisation for Standardization (ISO) neAmerican Petroleum Institute (API) vakagadzira mwero [referensi ISO 14310:2001 (E) uye API Tsanangudzo 11D1 ine chinangwa chekumisa nhungamiro kune vese vagadziri uye vashandisi vekupedzisira mukusarudza, kugadzira, dhizaini. , uye kuedzwa kwerabhoritari yemhando dzakawanda dzepaki dziripo pamusika wanhasi. Zvichida zvinotonyanya kukosha, zviyero zvakare zvinogadza mashoma seti yemaparamita ayo mugadziri anofanira kutevedzera kuti aite zvinoenderana. Iyo International Standard yakagadziridzwa nezvinodiwa kune ese ari maviri emhando kutonga uye dhizaini yekusimbisa mune tiered masanji. Kune magiredhi matatu, kana mazinga, akatemerwa kudzora kwemhando uye mamakisi matanhatu (pamwe negiredhi rakakosha) rekusimbisa dhizaini.

Hunhu hwemhando hunobva pagiredhi Q3 kuenda kuQ1, ine giredhi Q3 inotakura zvidiki zvinodiwa uye Q1 inotsanangudza danho repamusoro rekuongorora nekugadzira maitiro ekuona. Zvirongwa zvinotangwa zvakare kuti zvibvumire mushandisi wekupedzisira kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvemhando kuti asangane nechikumbiro chake nekubatanidza zvimwe zvinodiwa se "zvinodiwa zvekuwedzera."

Iwo matanhatu akajairwa dhizaini-yekusimbisa mamakisi anotangira paV6 kusvika V1. V6 ndiyo yakaderera giredhi, uye V1 inomiririra yepamusoro-soro yekuyedzwa. Yakakosha V0 giredhi yakaverengerwa kuti isangane neyakagashira nzira yekugamuchira zvinodiwa. Inotevera ipfupiso pfupi inotsanangura zvinodikanwa zvekutanga zvematanho akasiyana ebvunzo-yekugamuchira maitiro.

Giredhi V6 mutengesi/mugadziri anotsanangurwa

Iri ndiro giredhi repasi rakatangwa. Chiyero chekushanda muchiitiko ichi chinotsanangurwa nemugadziri wezvigadzirwa zvisingaite maitiro ekuyedza anowanikwa mumagiredhi V0 kusvika V5.

Grade V5 liquid test

Mugiredhi iri, mutakuri anofanira kuiswa mukati mehupamhi hwemukati dhayamita (ID) casing iyo yakatemerwa kune yakanyanya kukurudzirwa tembiricha yekushandisa. Iwo ma paramita ekuyedza anoda kuti agadzirwe aine hushoma packoff simba kana kudzvanywa sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa nemugadziri. Iyo yekumanikidza bvunzo inoitwa nemvura kana hydraulic oiri kusvika kune yakanyanya kusiyanisa-kudzvanywa chiyero chepacker. Kudzokororwa kuviri kwekudzvanya pane chishandiso kunodiwa, zvichireva kuti zvinofanirwa kuratidzwa kuti mutakuri achabata kudzvanywa kubva kumusoro uye pazasi. Nguva dzekubatirira dzebvunzo dzega dzega dzinodiwa kuti dziite shoma maminitsi gumi nemashanu. Pakupera kweyedzo, ma packers anogona kudzoserwa anofanirwa kubviswa kubva muyedzo yekumisikidza nekushandisa maitiro ezvaaida dhizaini.

Giredhi V4 mvura bvunzo + axial mitoro

Mugiredhi iri, ese maparamita akafukidzwa muGiredhi V5 anoshanda. Pamusoro pekupfuura nzira yeV5, inofanirwawo kuratidzwa kuti mutakuri achabata mutsauko wekumanikidza pamwe nekumanikidza uye kurema mitoro, sekushambadzwa kwakaitwa muhamvuropu yekuita kwemugadziri.

Giredhi V3 mvura bvunzo + axial mitoro + tembiricha bhasikoro

Ese maitiro ebvunzo akatemerwa muGrade V4 anoshanda kuV3. Kuti uwane V3 certification, mutakuri zvakare anofanira kupasa tembiricha kutenderera bvunzo. Muyedzo yekutenderera kwetembiricha, mutakuri anofanirwa kubata iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa kudzvanywa pane yepamusoro uye yakaderera tembiricha miganho umo mutakuri wakagadzirirwa kushanda. Muedzo unotangwa pakupisa kwakanyanya, seV4 neV5. Mushure mekupfuura chikamu ichi chebvunzo, tembiricha inobvumirwa kutonhora kusvika padiki, uye imwe bvunzo yekumanikidza inoshandiswa. Mushure mekubudirira kupasa bvunzo yakaderera-yekushisa, mutakuri zvakare anofanira kupasa mutsauko-kumanikidza kubata mushure mekunge tembiricha-sero tembiricha yasimudzwa ichidzokera kune yakanyanya tembiricha.

Giredhi V2 gasi bvunzo + axial mitoro

Iwo ma test paramita anoshandiswa muV4 anoshanda kuGiredhi V2, asi svikiro rebvunzo rinotsiviwa nemhepo kana nitrogen. Mwero yekuvuza ye20 cm3 yegasi panguva yekubata inogamuchirwa, zvisinei, chiyero chinogona kusawedzera panguva yekubata.

Giredhi V1 gasi bvunzo + axial mitoro + tembiricha bhasikoro

Iwo ma test paramita anoshandiswa muV3 anoshanda kuGiredhi V1, asi svikiro rebvunzo rinotsiviwa nemhepo kana nitrogen. Zvakafanana neiyo V2 bvunzo, chiyero chekuvuza che20 cm3 yegesi panguva yekubata inogamuchirwa, uye chiyero chinogona kusawedzera panguva yekubata.

Special Giredhi V0 Gasi Muedzo + Axial Loads +Temperature Cycling + Bubble Tight Gasi Seal Iri igiredhi rakakosha rekusimbisa iro rinowedzerwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi umo chinodiwa chisimbiso chegasi. Iwo ma test parameter akafanana neaya eV1, asi gasi-leak rate haibvumidzwe panguva yekubata.

Kana mutakuri achikodzera kushandiswa mugiredhi repamusoro, anogona kunzi akakodzera kushandiswa mune chero akaderera magiredhi ekusimbisa. Semuyenzaniso, kana ikaedzwa kugiredhi V4, zvinogamuchirwa kuti mutakuri anosangana kana kudarika zvinodikanwa zvesevhisi zveV4, V5, uye V6.

Vigor's packers inogadzirwa zvakanyatsoenderana neAPI 11D1 zviyero, uye mhando yepamusoro yezvigadzirwa yakazivikanwa nevatengi vazhinji uye yasvika pachirongwa chekubatana kwenguva refu neVigor. Kana iwe uchifarira Vigor's packers kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekuchera uye kupedzisa, ndapota usazeza kutibata nesu kune nyanzvi yehunyanzvi rutsigiro.

References

1.Intl. Std., ISO 14310, Petroleum uye Natural Gasi Industries-Downhole Equipment-Packers uye Bridge Plugs, yekutanga edition. Ref. ISO 14310:2001 (E),(2001-12-01).

2.API Specification 11D1, Petroleum uye Natural Gas Industries-Downhole Equipment-Packers uye Bridge Plugs, yekutanga edition. 2002. ISO 14310:2001.